DYNAMICS AND TRAJECTORIES OF RELIGIOUS POLITICS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: A CASE OF GHANA

Abstract

In this study, we explore the complex relationship between religious politics and socio-economic development in Ghana. It focuses on how religion simultaneously functions as a source of socio-economic development in Ghana, yet has a large part to play as a potential driving force for instability. Using a qualitative research approach, the study involved in-depth interviews with fifteen purposively chosen participants: political sociologists, religious anthropologists, urban clergy, and religious practitioners of Christian, Muslim, and traditional faiths in Accra. The findings show that religious politics is ambivalent in Ghanaian society in that religious institutions bring about development through education, healthcare, and social services, however, it may also enable exploitation and perpetuate harmful practices. The study identifies three main theoretical perspectives on religious politics: the anachronistic (pessimist), catalyst (optimist), and ambivalent (dualist) viewpoints.  The study recommends fostering greater interfaith dialogue,  encouraging religious leaders to strike a balance between spiritual guidance and practical development needs, and better oversight of religious practices as potential solutions. The study contributes to the literature regarding the dualistic nature of religion within development contexts by demonstrating evidence that can be utilized by both policymakers and religious leaders to leverage this capital to maximize development while reducing the negative consequences that may arise.